DSP Using MATLAB

1. DFT of given sequence using MATLAB

Fourier analysis is a family of mathematical techniques, all based on decomposing signals into sinusoids. The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is the family member used with digitized signals. A signal can be either continuous or discrete, and it can be either periodic or Aperiodic. The combination of these two features generates the four categories, described below

REPRESENTATION OF BASIC SIGNALS USING MATLAB

Sinusoidal Signal, Unit Impulse, Unit Step, Ramp, Sawtooth Wave Forms

Generate Sinusoidal signal

clear all;

close all;

clc;

N = input('Enter the number of cycles ...:: '); t = 0:0.05:N;

x = sin(2*pi*t);

Introduction to MATLAB

Introduction to MATLAB

MATLAB is a software package for high performance numerical computation and visualization provides an interactive environment with hundreds of built in functions for technical computation, graphics and animation. The MATLAB name stands for MATrix Laboratory

Standard Resistor Values: E3, E6, E12, E24, E48, E96

Resistor values are organised into a set of different series of preferred values or standard values.

These standard resistor values have a logarithmically based sequence and this enables the different values to be spaced in such a way that they relate to the component tolerance or accuracy.

Resistor tolerances are generally ±20%, ±10% ±5%, ±2% and ±1%. More accurate tolerances are available for some resistors, but these are not as widely available and costs are higher.

By having these standard resistor values, components from a variety of manufacturers can be chosen, making sourcing much easier and the cost of the components much less.

E-series of preferred numbers

The E-series is a system of preferred numbers (also called preferred values) derived for use in electronic components. It consists of the E3, E6, E12, E24, E48, E96 and E192 series, where the number after the 'E' designates the quantity of value "steps" in each series. Although it is theoretically possible to produce components of any value, in practice the need for inventory simplification has led the industry to settle on the E-series for resistors, capacitors, inductors, and Zener diodes. Other types of electrical components are either specified by the Renard series (for example fuses) or are defined in relevant product standards (for example IEC 60228 for wires).

A decade of the E12 values shown with their electronic color codes on resistors.

Electronic Color Code (R,L,C)

Electronic Color Code  - Resistor, Capacitor and Inductor

An electronic color code is used to indicate the values or ratings of electronic components, usually for resistors, but also for capacitors, inductors, diodes and others. A separate code, the 25-pair color code, is used to identify wires in some telecommunications cables. Different codes are used for wire leads on devices such as transformers or in building wiring.

A useful mnemonic matches the first letter of the color code, in numeric order. Here are two that includes tolerance codes gold, silver, and none:

• Bad beer rots our young guts but vodka goes well – get some now.
• Black Brown ROY of Great Britain had a Very Good Wife who wore Gold and Silver Necklace.

The colors are sorted in the order of the visible light spectrum: red (2), orange (3), yellow (4), green (5), blue (6), violet (7). Black (0) has no energy, brown (1) has a little more, white (9) has everything and grey (8) is like white, but less intense.

Virtual Memory (Computer Operating System)

Virtual Memory

Virtual memory is a memory management capability of an OS that uses hardware and software to allow a computer to compensate for physical memory shortages by temporarily transferring data

Electronic Circuit analysis Using PSPICE

PSPICE is a circuit analysis tool that allows the user to simulate a circuit and extract key voltages and currents. Information is entered into PSPICE via one of two methods; they are a typed 'Net List' or by designing a visual a schematic which is transformed into a netlist.

Process to Analyse Electronic Circuit

Introduction to PSpice/OrCAD

PSpice is a SPICE analog circuit and digital logic simulation program for Microsoft Windows. The name is an acronym for Personal SPICE - SPICE itself being an acronym for Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis.

Transient Analysis in PSpice

The transient analysis is always used when you want to view a graph of a voltage or current as a function of time. Even if the voltages are DC as in the previous tutorials, transient analysis must be used to view a graph of the output versus time.

C Interview Questions

1. C Program to Print an Integer (Entered by the User)

  Solution: